How many providers in Rome are there?

Rome has 36 ISPs available to its 2,318,895 residents

Who is the fastest provider in Rome?

<a href="https://fairinternetreport.com/Fastweb">Fastweb</a> is the fastest provider in Rome with 4614.22 Mbps, and an average speed range of 14.96—75.29 Mbps.

Is Telecom Italia available in Rome?

<a href="https://fairinternetreport.com/Telecom-Italia">Telecom Italia</a> is available in Rome, and the fastest speed we've seen from them is 923.38 Mbps.

Is Fastweb available in Rome?

<a href="https://fairinternetreport.com/Fastweb">Fastweb</a> is available in Rome, and the fastest speed we've seen from them is 4614.22 Mbps.

Is WIND Telecomunicazioni available in Rome?

<a href="https://fairinternetreport.com/WIND-Telecomunicazioni">WIND Telecomunicazioni</a> is available in Rome, and the fastest speed we've seen from them is 886.75 Mbps.

Who is the the most popular provider in Rome?

The provider with the most users in Rome is <a href="https://fairinternetreport.com/Telecom-Italia">Telecom Italia</a>.

Internet Service Providers in Rome

Q: Who is the fastest provider in Rome?

&lt;a href=&quot;https://fairinternetreport.com/Fastweb&quot;&gt;Fastweb&lt;/a&gt; is the fastest provider in Rome with 4614.22 Mbps, and an average speed range of 14.96—75.29 Mbps.

Q: Who is the best provider in Rome?

The best provider in Rome is Colt, and their users typically see speeds in the range of 208.21 to 288.89 Mbps.

Q: Is Telecom Italia available in Rome?

&lt;a href=&quot;https://fairinternetreport.com/Telecom-Italia&quot;&gt;Telecom Italia&lt;/a&gt; is available in Rome, and the fastest speed we've seen from them is 923.38 Mbps.

Q: Is Fastweb available in Rome?

&lt;a href=&quot;https://fairinternetreport.com/Fastweb&quot;&gt;Fastweb&lt;/a&gt; is available in Rome, and the fastest speed we've seen from them is 4614.22 Mbps.

Q: Is WIND Telecomunicazioni available in Rome?

&lt;a href=&quot;https://fairinternetreport.com/WIND-Telecomunicazioni&quot;&gt;WIND Telecomunicazioni&lt;/a&gt; is available in Rome, and the fastest speed we've seen from them is 886.75 Mbps.

Q: Who is the the most popular provider in Rome?

The provider with the most users in Rome is &lt;a href=&quot;https://fairinternetreport.com/Telecom-Italia&quot;&gt;Telecom Italia&lt;/a&gt;.

Rome residents have run speed tests on 36 providers. This number is 949.56% above the Italy average of 3.43 providers. ISPs available in Rome include Telecom Italia, Fastweb, and WIND Telecomunicazioni. The most common provider in Rome is Telecom Italia, with a maximum recorded speed of 923.38 Mbps, and the typical home user seeing speeds in the range of 12.07—57.99 Mbps. Rome's fastest provider is Fastweb, and the highest speed we've seen from them is 4614.22 Mbps. Overall, the average real-world speed users will see in Rome is 19.7 Mbps, which is 37.67% above the Italy national average of 14.31 Mbps, and 28.42% above the average of 15.34 Mbps in Rome. Internet speeds in Rome are typically faster than Della Vittoria, but slower than Santa Severa. Nearby cities include Esquilino with speeds 2—9.33 Mbps, and Monti with speeds 16.07—46.16 Mbps.

Providers

Colt
Typical Mbps 208.21—288.89
Fastest Mbps 567.07
Median Mbps 240.32
Visit
BT Italia
Typical Mbps 201.36—241.43
Fastest Mbps 355.66
Median Mbps 224.25
Visit
Unidata
Typical Mbps 55.02—202.22
Fastest Mbps 819.59
Median Mbps 80.06
Visit
Tecno General srl
Typical Mbps 33.03—101.67
Fastest Mbps 230.69
Median Mbps 41.52
Visit
ITNET Italia
Typical Mbps 13.31—85
Fastest Mbps 554.44
Median Mbps 15.65
Visit
COMMON NET
Typical Mbps 14.76—76.62
Fastest Mbps 193.82
Median Mbps 24.23
Visit
UNICONNECT
Typical Mbps 10.33—85.02
Fastest Mbps 176.97
Median Mbps 12.24
No homepage
Fastweb
Typical Mbps 14.96—75.29
Fastest Mbps 4614.22
Median Mbps 23.51
Visit
WIND Telecomunicazioni
Typical Mbps 14.05—59.61
Fastest Mbps 886.75
Median Mbps 21.92
Visit
IRIDEOS Domestic
Typical Mbps 21.99—41.74
Fastest Mbps 445.2
Median Mbps 27.16
Visit
Time-Net
Typical Mbps 18.05—48.3
Fastest Mbps 93.81
Median Mbps 28.63
Visit
Telecom Italia
Typical Mbps 12.07—57.99
Fastest Mbps 923.38
Median Mbps 18.66
No homepage
Cogent Communications
Typical Mbps 12.92—52.95
Fastest Mbps 81.96
Median Mbps 30.68
Visit
Welcome Italia
Typical Mbps 15.03—44.61
Fastest Mbps 163.17
Median Mbps 21.46
Visit
Alida
Typical Mbps 22.69—27.76
Fastest Mbps 28.15
Median Mbps 22.69
Visit
Vodafone Italy
Typical Mbps 12.25—46.61
Fastest Mbps 901.92
Median Mbps 17.91
No homepage
Tiscali
Typical Mbps 8.26—47.95
Fastest Mbps 850.42
Median Mbps 12.05
Visit
Powerhouse Management
Typical Mbps 6.97—46.8
Fastest Mbps 109.88
Median Mbps 10.03
Visit
ACI informatica
Typical Mbps 9.87—34.4
Fastest Mbps 75.75
Median Mbps 18.68
Visit
Clouditalia Telecomunicazioni
Typical Mbps 5.72—36.33
Fastest Mbps 183.18
Median Mbps 8.49
Visit
Panservice
Typical Mbps 9.78—17.48
Fastest Mbps 32.61
Median Mbps 9.78
Visit
Optima Italia
Typical Mbps 6.8—20.3
Fastest Mbps 44.45
Median Mbps 9.73
Visit
NGI
Typical Mbps 4.67—18.55
Fastest Mbps 98.96
Median Mbps 6.99
Visit
M247
Typical Mbps 3.82—18.16
Fastest Mbps 218.15
Median Mbps 5.47
Visit
INTERCONN
Typical Mbps 5.15—11.12
Fastest Mbps 41.38
Median Mbps 7.06
Visit
Retelit
Typical Mbps 3.42—11.62
Fastest Mbps 93.7
Median Mbps 4.75
Visit
Linkem
Typical Mbps 2.93—11.58
Fastest Mbps 38.63
Median Mbps 4.03
Visit
ENEL
Typical Mbps 4.09—8.25
Fastest Mbps 92.89
Median Mbps 6.4
No homepage
Active Network
Typical Mbps 3.44—9.17
Fastest Mbps 353.4
Median Mbps 4.6
Visit
Grifonline
Typical Mbps 2.59—8.96
Fastest Mbps 18.26
Median Mbps 3.38
Visit
NEXT SRL
Typical Mbps 3.75—6.48
Fastest Mbps 22.05
Median Mbps 4.09
Visit
Tecnotel Servizi Tecnologici
Typical Mbps 2.82—7.8
Fastest Mbps 31.08
Median Mbps 3.21
Visit
2Bite
Typical Mbps 2.08—8.48
Fastest Mbps 36.83
Median Mbps 3.02
Visit
Connesi
Typical Mbps 1.62—2.16
Fastest Mbps 14.17
Median Mbps 1.62
Visit
TWT
Typical Mbps 0.25—4.71
Fastest Mbps 76.87
Median Mbps 4.3
Visit
WARIAN
Typical Mbps 0.49—3.23
Fastest Mbps 6.65
Median Mbps 0.49
Visit

Internet in Rome

1st

Fastest city in Italy

49th

Best speed range city in Rome

4614.22 Mbps

Rome's fastest speed

12.82—60.47 Mbps

Typical speed range available to Rome residents

Are you researching this topic? Please contact our team with any questions. We offer free consultation on basic requests.

This content is licensed CC BY-ND 4.0. When referencing or citing FairInternetReport data and content on third-party sites, please link your attribution to the source page on fairinternetreport.com.

How Rome Compares to Major Cities

City / Town	Max Speed	Typical Speed Range	50%
Milan	947.12 Mbps	12.7—72.73 Mbps	20.32 Mbps	Faster
Genoa	943.3 Mbps	15.41—78.31 Mbps	24.89 Mbps	Faster
Bologna	943.32 Mbps	13.97—73.04 Mbps	22.1 Mbps	Faster
Rome	4614.22 Mbps	12.82—60.47 Mbps	19.7 Mbps	-
Naples	848.04 Mbps	10.74—50.3 Mbps	16.73 Mbps	Slower
Turin	943.06 Mbps	11.38—82.72 Mbps	17.82 Mbps	Slower
Palermo	895.29 Mbps	8.81—46.31 Mbps	13.08 Mbps	Slower
Florence	932.21 Mbps	11.62—57.46 Mbps	17.21 Mbps	Slower
Catania	697.35 Mbps	6.58—42 Mbps	9.46 Mbps	Slower

Cities and Provider Speeds in Rome

Position	City	Max Speed	Typical Speed Range	50%	# Providers
1	Genzano di Roma	637.84 Mbps	18.26—57.1 Mbps	27.01 Mbps	7
2	Torvaianica Alta	183.06 Mbps	17.7—47.76 Mbps	23.64 Mbps	3
3	Grottaferrata	615.28 Mbps	14.8—49.48 Mbps	22.46 Mbps	6
4	Mentana	763.81 Mbps	15.34—61.23 Mbps	22.45 Mbps	6
5	Rocca di Papa	695.97 Mbps	14.81—50.96 Mbps	21.82 Mbps	5
6	Ladispoli	636.96 Mbps	13.98—57.27 Mbps	21.79 Mbps	5
7	Monte Massaruccio	534.1 Mbps	14.12—77.26 Mbps	21.59 Mbps	3
8	Rome	4614.22 Mbps	12.82—60.47 Mbps	19.7 Mbps	36
9	Carpineto Romano	513.45 Mbps	11.32—47.81 Mbps	19.13 Mbps	2
10	Monterotondo	748.36 Mbps	12.98—50.3 Mbps	18.94 Mbps	9
11	Tolfa	628.51 Mbps	12.96—86.49 Mbps	18.72 Mbps	3
12	Guidonia Montecelio	753.58 Mbps	11.96—41.95 Mbps	18.25 Mbps	8
13	Anzio	804.48 Mbps	11.73—53.29 Mbps	18.09 Mbps	6
14	Ariccia	513.99 Mbps	11.73—52.58 Mbps	17.83 Mbps	6
15	Torvaianica	276.24 Mbps	10.42—49.37 Mbps	17.01 Mbps	3
16	Magliana	913.44 Mbps	11.64—57.18 Mbps	16.98 Mbps	2
17	Valmontone	527.79 Mbps	10.78—56.64 Mbps	16.97 Mbps	5
18	Frascati	695.3 Mbps	11.03—61.56 Mbps	16.93 Mbps	8
19	Olevano Romano	305.84 Mbps	10.7—57.56 Mbps	16.76 Mbps	3
20	Colleferro	181.07 Mbps	10.13—44.34 Mbps	16.53 Mbps	5
21	Trevi	926.49 Mbps	10.53—60.35 Mbps	16.49 Mbps	42
22	Lariano	540.55 Mbps	11.07—46.16 Mbps	16.47 Mbps	5
23	Pigna	931.37 Mbps	10.59—50.97 Mbps	16.43 Mbps	19
24	Pomezia	588.33 Mbps	11.85—48.82 Mbps	16.43 Mbps	7
25	Nettuno	856.19 Mbps	10.84—52.54 Mbps	16.25 Mbps	6
26	Ardea	874.22 Mbps	10.71—49.12 Mbps	16.07 Mbps	7
27	Fiano Romano	892.78 Mbps	9.86—58.02 Mbps	16.02 Mbps	7
28	Parione	805.22 Mbps	10.51—46.62 Mbps	15.97 Mbps	15
29	Aurelio	742.59 Mbps	11.87—53.19 Mbps	15.49 Mbps	3
30	Artena	675.71 Mbps	10.81—50.49 Mbps	15.31 Mbps	4
31	Castel Madama	163.35 Mbps	10.75—40.42 Mbps	15.06 Mbps	5
32	Fiumicino	726.25 Mbps	9.75—49.83 Mbps	14.75 Mbps	8
33	Lido di Ostia	842.45 Mbps	9.5—26.99 Mbps	14.75 Mbps	7
34	Marino	695.07 Mbps	10.84—44.7 Mbps	14.71 Mbps	9
35	Monte Compatri	432.87 Mbps	10.12—44.52 Mbps	14.34 Mbps	3
36	Albano Laziale	583.58 Mbps	9.12—43.88 Mbps	14.3 Mbps	10
37	Castel Gandolfo	777.2 Mbps	10.16—41.94 Mbps	14.23 Mbps	4
38	Velletri	649.73 Mbps	8.94—34.28 Mbps	13.78 Mbps	9
39	Civitavecchia	617 Mbps	8.23—45.91 Mbps	13.62 Mbps	8
40	Santa Marinella	419.57 Mbps	8.35—48.98 Mbps	13.54 Mbps	6
41	Labico	619.78 Mbps	10.14—49.14 Mbps	13.53 Mbps	3
42	Monte Porzio Catone	403 Mbps	9.08—58.7 Mbps	13.44 Mbps	6
43	Valle Santa	460.3 Mbps	9.14—46.9 Mbps	12.89 Mbps	1
44	Monteflavio	504.1 Mbps	7.1—39.95 Mbps	12.55 Mbps	2
45	Albuccione	168.22 Mbps	8.8—35.53 Mbps	12.47 Mbps	3
46	Dragoncello	824.92 Mbps	6.6—65.15 Mbps	12.07 Mbps	1
47	Rocca Priora	197.18 Mbps	8.25—39.18 Mbps	11.96 Mbps	4
48	Ciampino	553.26 Mbps	8.04—39.85 Mbps	11.68 Mbps	9
49	Zagarolo	469.47 Mbps	7.73—46.11 Mbps	11.62 Mbps	6
50	Tivoli	876.12 Mbps	7.61—43.53 Mbps	11.54 Mbps	9
51	Sacrofano	745.32 Mbps	6.84—41.85 Mbps	11.39 Mbps	3
52	Manziana	672.13 Mbps	8.22—44.63 Mbps	10.73 Mbps	4
53	Morlupo	516.27 Mbps	7.95—27.9 Mbps	10.42 Mbps	5
54	Palestrina	824.07 Mbps	6.86—30.72 Mbps	10.33 Mbps	6
55	Campagnano di Roma	512.96 Mbps	5.49—117.81 Mbps	9.67 Mbps	7
56	Mazzano Romano	445.1 Mbps	6.59—21.68 Mbps	9.58 Mbps	1
57	Lanuvio	847.2 Mbps	6.17—24.5 Mbps	9.27 Mbps	7
58	Trevignano Romano	391.89 Mbps	5.76—30.95 Mbps	8.68 Mbps	6
59	Bracciano	331.95 Mbps	5.51—28.99 Mbps	8.5 Mbps	5
60	Vicovaro	657.63 Mbps	6.15—27.69 Mbps	8.11 Mbps	2
61	Ostiense	730.98 Mbps	5.85—18.45 Mbps	8.05 Mbps	2
62	Cerveteri	589.89 Mbps	5.34—24.29 Mbps	7.95 Mbps	7
63	Anguillara	767.26 Mbps	5.9—40.23 Mbps	7.85 Mbps	5
64	Castelnuovo di Porto	774.53 Mbps	5.85—20.05 Mbps	7.69 Mbps	3
65	Civitella San Paolo	743.44 Mbps	6.13—27.5 Mbps	7.69 Mbps	1
66	San Cesareo	425.18 Mbps	5.08—39.06 Mbps	7.67 Mbps	7
67	Mostacciano	76.51 Mbps	5.21—22.51 Mbps	7.64 Mbps	1
68	Palombara Sabina	486.99 Mbps	5.77—22.94 Mbps	7.61 Mbps	5
69	Tiburtina	448.58 Mbps	5.65—24.1 Mbps	7.24 Mbps	3
70	Cave	698.7 Mbps	5.59—28.08 Mbps	6.98 Mbps	7
71	Subiaco	814.8 Mbps	4.51—45.59 Mbps	6.87 Mbps	5
72	San Basilio	175.26 Mbps	5.29—17.38 Mbps	6.86 Mbps	2
73	Riano	886.59 Mbps	4.43—13.44 Mbps	6.32 Mbps	4
74	Cesano	146.51 Mbps	3.83—22.51 Mbps	6.12 Mbps	1
75	Poggio del Torrino	114.11 Mbps	3.15—11.26 Mbps	4.33 Mbps	2
76	Garbatella	48.81 Mbps	3.59—7.22 Mbps	3.77 Mbps	1
77	Casal Palocco	31.92 Mbps	2.7—10.44 Mbps	3.68 Mbps	2
78	Rignano Flaminio	489.89 Mbps	2.75—8.93 Mbps	3.61 Mbps	4

Rome Over Time

How Rome Compares for Internet Speed in Rome

Position	City / Town	Max Speed	Typical Speed Range	50%
47	Ardeatino	153.37 Mbps	14.87—47.1 Mbps	20.86 Mbps	Faster
48	Santa Severa	520.31 Mbps	14.65—345.19 Mbps	19.73 Mbps	Faster
49	Rome	4614.22 Mbps	12.82—60.47 Mbps	19.7 Mbps	-
50	Della Vittoria	175.39 Mbps	13.7—24.35 Mbps	19.48 Mbps	Slower
51	Carpineto Romano	513.45 Mbps	11.32—47.81 Mbps	19.13 Mbps	Slower

Rome Speed Test Results

We analysed the results of people in Rome test providers multiple times, with each test starting no more than 30 minutes after the previous speed test. On average, people in Rome ran 4 speed tests per session. Looking at download speeds, if the Rome resident's final test is 10% faster than their starting download speed, we count that as a succesful and faster speed test result. We count an unsuccessful, slower result if the final result is 10% slower than the starting result; we'd hope their ISP contacts them ASAP! For speed tests that don't vary by that much, we consider the final result to be the same. For Rome's residents, of the speed tests we measured, 44.27% were fast, 26.26% slow, and 29.46% broadly the same.

Most Recent Tests

Provider	Start Time	# Tests	Duration	Start Speed	End Speed	Status
Telecom Italia	18 Jan 2021 23:55:24	2	53 secs	8.01 Mbps	49.35 Mbps	Improved
Telecom Italia	18 Jan 2021 23:46:09	2	2 mins	1.41 Mbps	1.4 Mbps	Needs help, very slow
Telecom Italia	18 Jan 2021 23:14:51	2	23 mins	7.95 Mbps	12.63 Mbps	Improved
Telecom Italia	18 Jan 2021 23:37:32	2	34 secs	34.35 Mbps	32.68 Mbps
Telecom Italia	18 Jan 2021 23:32:42	2	27 secs	11.32 Mbps	11.22 Mbps
Telecom Italia	18 Jan 2021 22:03:34	56	85 mins	15.29 Mbps	18.79 Mbps	Improved
Telecom Italia	18 Jan 2021 23:27:44	2	39 secs	9.96 Mbps	17.99 Mbps	Improved
Vodafone Italy	18 Jan 2021 23:14:22	2	13 mins	92.17 Mbps	19.67 Mbps	Needs help
Telecom Italia	18 Jan 2021 23:24:13	2	40 secs	15.09 Mbps	15.86 Mbps
Fastweb	18 Jan 2021 23:18:51	2	37 secs	0.99 Mbps	10.92 Mbps	Improved
Telecom Italia	18 Jan 2021 23:04:04	9	11 mins	49.62 Mbps	8.72 Mbps	Needs help, very slow
Fastweb	18 Jan 2021 23:13:58	2	76 secs	95.94 Mbps	167.1 Mbps	Improved
Fastweb	18 Jan 2021 23:10:14	2	49 secs	6.33 Mbps	6.37 Mbps	Needs help, very slow
WIND Telecomunicazioni	18 Jan 2021 23:06:41	2	37 secs	1.28 Mbps	1.94 Mbps	Needs help, very slow
Fastweb	18 Jan 2021 23:06:07	2	31 secs	13.44 Mbps	0.24 Mbps	Needs help, very slow
Vodafone Italy	18 Jan 2021 22:34:00	2	30 mins	26.25 Mbps	23.08 Mbps	Needs help
WIND Telecomunicazioni	18 Jan 2021 22:46:50	5	4 mins	1.97 Mbps	2.7 Mbps	Needs help, very slow
Telecom Italia	18 Jan 2021 22:48:29	3	100 secs	0.8 Mbps	18.62 Mbps	Improved
Fastweb	18 Jan 2021 22:47:33	3	67 secs	77.88 Mbps	78.7 Mbps
Vodafone Italy	18 Jan 2021 22:47:38	2	30 secs	409.6 Mbps	430.08 Mbps

Summary of Internet Service Providers in Rome

#	Provider Name	Max Speed	Typical Speed Range
1	Colt	567.07 Mbps	208.21—288.89 Mbps
2	BT Italia	355.66 Mbps	201.36—241.43 Mbps
3	ITNET Italia	554.44 Mbps	13.31—85 Mbps
4	Unidata	819.59 Mbps	55.02—202.22 Mbps
5	Tecno General srl	230.69 Mbps	33.03—101.67 Mbps
6	Fastweb	4614.22 Mbps	14.96—75.29 Mbps
7	UNICONNECT	176.97 Mbps	10.33—85.02 Mbps
8	Cogent Communications	81.96 Mbps	12.92—52.95 Mbps
9	Telecom Italia	923.38 Mbps	12.07—57.99 Mbps
10	WIND Telecomunicazioni	886.75 Mbps	14.05—59.61 Mbps
11	COMMON NET	193.82 Mbps	14.76—76.62 Mbps
12	Time-Net	93.81 Mbps	18.05—48.3 Mbps
13	Tiscali	850.42 Mbps	8.26—47.95 Mbps
14	IRIDEOS Domestic	445.2 Mbps	21.99—41.74 Mbps
15	Vodafone Italy	901.92 Mbps	12.25—46.61 Mbps
16	ENEL	92.89 Mbps	4.09—8.25 Mbps
17	Welcome Italia	163.17 Mbps	15.03—44.61 Mbps
18	Powerhouse Management	109.88 Mbps	6.97—46.8 Mbps
19	Alida	28.15 Mbps	22.69—27.76 Mbps
20	ACI informatica	75.75 Mbps	9.87—34.4 Mbps
21	TWT	76.87 Mbps	0.25—4.71 Mbps
22	Panservice	32.61 Mbps	9.78—17.48 Mbps
23	Clouditalia Telecomunicazioni	183.18 Mbps	5.72—36.33 Mbps
24	Optima Italia	44.45 Mbps	6.8—20.3 Mbps
25	M247	218.15 Mbps	3.82—18.16 Mbps
26	NGI	98.96 Mbps	4.67—18.55 Mbps
27	INTERCONN	41.38 Mbps	5.15—11.12 Mbps
28	Retelit	93.7 Mbps	3.42—11.62 Mbps
29	Active Network	353.4 Mbps	3.44—9.17 Mbps
30	Linkem	38.63 Mbps	2.93—11.58 Mbps
31	Connesi	14.17 Mbps	1.62—2.16 Mbps
32	Tecnotel Servizi Tecnologici	31.08 Mbps	2.82—7.8 Mbps
33	2Bite	36.83 Mbps	2.08—8.48 Mbps
34	Grifonline	18.26 Mbps	2.59—8.96 Mbps
35	NEXT SRL	22.05 Mbps	3.75—6.48 Mbps
36	WARIAN	6.65 Mbps	0.49—3.23 Mbps

Frequently Asked Questions about Internet Providers in Rome

Rome has 36 ISPs tested by its 2,318,895 residents.

Fastweb is the fastest provider in Rome with 4614.22 Mbps, and an average speed range of 14.96—75.29 Mbps.

The best provider in Rome in Colt, and their users typically see speeds in the range of 208.21 to 288.89 Mbps.

Users in Rome see an average internet speed of 12.82 up to 666 Mbps, and the fastest speed we've seen is 4614.22 Mbps.

Telecom Italia is available in Rome, and the fastest speed we've seen from them is 923.38 Mbps.

Fastweb is available in Rome, and the fastest speed we've seen from them is 4614.22 Mbps.

WIND Telecomunicazioni is available in Rome, and the fastest speed we've seen from them is 886.75 Mbps.

The provider with the most users in Rome is Telecom Italia.

Last updated: 18 Jan 2021